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02-02-2010

Bingu wa MutharikaBingu wa Mutharika, président du Malawi et de l'UA, adore l'ubiquité
 
Un président omniprésent

Le colonel Mouammar Kadhafi voulait se cramponner à la tête de l'UA. Raté! Le principe de la présidence tournante de l'UA a triomphé, et c'est le président du Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, qui lui succède pour les douze prochains mois. Un friand de pouvoir (un euphémisme) .

Les Chefs d'Etat africains n'ont pas perdu leur temps, dimanche, à Addis-Abeba, à l'occasion du quatorzième sommet de l’Union africaine. Ils ne se sont concertés que vingt minutes, dans une sénace à huit clos très tendue, pour désigner le chef d’Etat du Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, président de l’UA. Il faut dire qu'il s'activait depuis longtemps, allant jusqu'à critiquer ouvertement le lobbying du colonel Kadhafi pour succéder à lui-même. Aussitôt après son triomphe, il a déclaré que "le moment était venu de développer l'Afrique", comme si ses prédécesseurs n'avaient rien fait... 

Les présidents africains sont donc prévenus. Avec Bingu wa Mutharika, l'Afrique ira de l'avant. Et sera omniprésente, comme son image. Dans son pays, il est à la fois le président -- réelu l'année dernière avec plus de soixante pour cent des voix --et le ministre de l'éducation nationale, de l'agriculture et de la sécurité alimentaire. Un vorace politique. Jamais il ne se satisfait d'un seul portefeuille. L'oisiveté lui est rébarbative. Et, à 76 ans, on se demande d'où il tire la force de s'occuper de tant de dossiers à la fois. Il essuie les critiques de ses anciens amis, mais il passe son chemin. Et tant pis si le Malawi devient de plus en plus pauvre!

Un seul mot d'ordre : le pouvoir
 
En fait, cet ogre politique a vu le jour en 1934, tandis que le Malawi était sous domination britannique. Son nom d'origine est Webster Thom Ryson, mais en 1962, année d'indépendance du Malawi, il l'africanise. Deux ans plus tard, commencent les ennuis. Il aurait participé à un coup d'Etat, alors il quitte le Malawi pour la Zambie, avant d'attérir en Inde. Il y poursuit ses études. La Maîtrise d'économie en poche, il s'installe aux USA, où il met en exergue ses qualités d'économiste. D'ailleurs, il y obtient un doctorat en économie du développement. 

Bientôt, il met son savoir au service de l'Afrique : il est nommé directeur du commerce et de l'économie du développement pour l'Afrique, aux Nations Unies. On est en 1978. Treize ans plus tard, en 1991, il devient le premier secrétaire général de la COMESA (marché commun de l'Afrique orientale et australe). Mais son esprit est ailleurs : la politique au Malawi. Il ne dort presque pas, tant ses nuits sont peuplées de pouvoir politique. Il a un objectif des plus personnels : la présidence. Il franchit le pas et rentre au bercail. Il ne traîne pas et, avec un vocabulaire virulent, il voue aux gémonies "la présidence à vie" de Hastings Kamuzu Banda. C'est le crépuscule de la dictature. 

Bingu wa Mutharika est présent et actif au moment où Bakili Muluzi fonde le Front démocratique uni, un parti libéral. Ce dernier remporte la première élection présidentielle, en 1994. Mais des années n'ont pas passé que Bingu wa Mutharika prend ses distances avec le président et crée le Parti Unifié. Le motif de la séparation, du moins officielle, la mauvaise gestion économique du pays par le pouvoir auquel il faisait partie. En 1999, Bingu wa Mutharika défie son ancien mentor, durant la deuxième élection présidentielle. Mais il est laminé. Un revers doublé d'une humiliation personnelle. C'est alors qu'il met au point une stratégie payante : il dissout son propre parti et réintègre l'UFD. Comme récompense, il est tour à tour nommé directeur adjoint de la Banque de réserve, puis ministre de la planification... 

En 2004, Bakili Muluzi n'a d'autre choix que de désigner cet ambitieux comme son digne successeur. Bingu wa Mutharika devient président du Malawi. Pour remercier son prédécesseur, il quitte de nouveau l'UFD et mène une guerre implacable, sous le manteau de la lutte contre la corruption, à ses anciens camarades de l'UFD. Depuis, Bakili Mulizi a reconnu que Bingu wa Mutharika n'était pas un bon choix. Trop tard! L'incriminé règne en maître, désormais. La politique est une savane civilisée.

Bedel Baouna
 
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 WHERE ( ms.type IN ( 'content_section', 'content_blog_section' ) OR mc.type IN ( 'content_blog_category', 'content_category' ) )
 AND i.id = 509
 ORDER BY ms.type DESC, mc.type DESC, ms.id, mc.id
42
SELECT ms.id AS sid, ms.type AS stype, mc.id AS cid, mc.type AS ctype, i.id as sectionid, i.id As catid, ms.published AS spub, mc.published AS cpub
 FROM jos_content AS i
 LEFT JOIN jos_sections AS s ON i.sectionid = s.id
 LEFT JOIN jos_menu AS ms ON ms.componentid = s.id 
 LEFT JOIN jos_categories AS c ON i.catid = c.id
 LEFT JOIN jos_menu AS mc ON mc.componentid = c.id 
 WHERE ( ms.type IN ( 'content_section', 'content_blog_section' ) OR mc.type IN ( 'content_blog_category', 'content_category' ) )
 AND i.id = 407
 ORDER BY ms.type DESC, mc.type DESC, ms.id, mc.id
43
SELECT ms.id AS sid, ms.type AS stype, mc.id AS cid, mc.type AS ctype, i.id as sectionid, i.id As catid, ms.published AS spub, mc.published AS cpub
 FROM jos_content AS i
 LEFT JOIN jos_sections AS s ON i.sectionid = s.id
 LEFT JOIN jos_menu AS ms ON ms.componentid = s.id 
 LEFT JOIN jos_categories AS c ON i.catid = c.id
 LEFT JOIN jos_menu AS mc ON mc.componentid = c.id 
 WHERE ( ms.type IN ( 'content_section', 'content_blog_section' ) OR mc.type IN ( 'content_blog_category', 'content_category' ) )
 AND i.id = 401
 ORDER BY ms.type DESC, mc.type DESC, ms.id, mc.id
44
SELECT ms.id AS sid, ms.type AS stype, mc.id AS cid, mc.type AS ctype, i.id as sectionid, i.id As catid, ms.published AS spub, mc.published AS cpub
 FROM jos_content AS i
 LEFT JOIN jos_sections AS s ON i.sectionid = s.id
 LEFT JOIN jos_menu AS ms ON ms.componentid = s.id 
 LEFT JOIN jos_categories AS c ON i.catid = c.id
 LEFT JOIN jos_menu AS mc ON mc.componentid = c.id 
 WHERE ( ms.type IN ( 'content_section', 'content_blog_section' ) OR mc.type IN ( 'content_blog_category', 'content_category' ) )
 AND i.id = 220
 ORDER BY ms.type DESC, mc.type DESC, ms.id, mc.id